Named Entity Recognition

In short

• The Named Entity Recognition (NER) module is a Weaviate module for token classification.
• The module depends on a NER Transformers model that should be running with Weaviate. There are pre-built models available, but you can also attach another HuggingFace Transformer or custom NER model.
• The module adds a tokens {} filter to the GraphQL _additional {} field.
• The module returns data objects as usual, with recognized tokens in the GraphQL _additional { tokens {} } field.

Introduction

Named Entity Recognition (NER) module is a Weaviate module to extract entities from your existing Weaviate (text) objects on the fly. Entity Extraction happens at query time. Note that for maximum performance, transformer-based models should run with GPUs. CPUs can be used, but the throughput will be lower.

There are currently three different NER modules available (taken from Hugging Face): dbmdz-bert-large-cased-finetuned-conll03-english, dslim-bert-base-NER, davlan-bert-base-multilingual-cased-ner-hrl.

How to enable (module configuration)

Docker Compose

The NER module can be added as a service to the Docker Compose file. You must have a text vectorizer like text2vec-contextionary or text2vec-transformers running. An example Docker Compose file for using the ner-transformers module (dbmdz-bert-large-cased-finetuned-conll03-english) in combination with the text2vec-contextionary:

---
version: '3.4'
services:
  weaviate:
    command:
    - --host
    - 0.0.0.0
    - --port
    - '8080'
    - --scheme
    - http
    image: semitechnologies/weaviate:1.22.5
    ports:
    - 8080:8080
    restart: on-failure:0
    environment:
      CONTEXTIONARY_URL: contextionary:9999
      NER_INFERENCE_API: "http://ner-transformers:8080"
      QUERY_DEFAULTS_LIMIT: 25
      AUTHENTICATION_ANONYMOUS_ACCESS_ENABLED: 'true'
      PERSISTENCE_DATA_PATH: '/var/lib/weaviate'
      DEFAULT_VECTORIZER_MODULE: 'text2vec-contextionary'
      ENABLE_MODULES: 'text2vec-contextionary,ner-transformers'
      CLUSTER_HOSTNAME: 'node1'
  contextionary:
    environment:
      OCCURRENCE_WEIGHT_LINEAR_FACTOR: 0.75
      EXTENSIONS_STORAGE_MODE: weaviate
      EXTENSIONS_STORAGE_ORIGIN: http://weaviate:8080
      NEIGHBOR_OCCURRENCE_IGNORE_PERCENTILE: 5
      ENABLE_COMPOUND_SPLITTING: 'false'
    image: semitechnologies/contextionary:en0.16.0-v1.0.2
    ports:
    - 9999:9999
  ner-transformers:
    image: semitechnologies/ner-transformers:dbmdz-bert-large-cased-finetuned-conll03-english
...

Variable explanations:

• NER_INFERENCE_API: where the qna module is running

How to use (GraphQL)

To make use of the modules capabilities, simply extend your query with the following new _additional property:

GraphQL Token

This module adds a search filter to the GraphQL _additional field in queries: token{}. This new filter takes the following arguments:

Field	Data Type	Required	Example value	Description
properties	list of strings	yes	["summary"]	The properties of the queries Class which contains text (text or string Datatype). You must provide at least one property
certainty	float	no	0.75	Desired minimal certainty or confidence that the recognized token must have. The higher the value, the stricter the token classification. If no certainty is set, all tokens that are found by the model will be returned.
limit	int	no	1	The maximum amount of tokens returned per data object in total.

Example query

GraphQL

{
  Get {
    Article(
      limit: 1
    ) {
      title
      _additional{
        tokens(
          properties: ["title"],
          limit: 10,
          certainty: 0.7
        ) {
          certainty
          endPosition
          entity
          property
          startPosition
          word
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Python

import weaviate

client = weaviate.Client("http://localhost:8080")

result = (
  client.query
  .get("Article", ["title", "_additional {tokens ( properties: [\"title\"], limit: 1, certainty: 0.7) {entity property word certainty startPosition endPosition }}"])
  .do()
)

print(result)

JavaScript/TypeScript

import weaviate from 'weaviate-ts-client';

const client = weaviate.client({
  scheme: 'http',
  host: 'localhost:8080',
});

const response = await client.graphql
  .get()
  .withClassName('Article')
  .withFields('title _additional { tokens (properties: [\'title\'], limit: 1, certainty: 0.7) {entity property word certainty startPosition endPosition} }')
  .do();
console.log(response);

Go

package main

import (
  "context"
  "fmt"

  "github.com/weaviate/weaviate-go-client/v4/weaviate"
  "github.com/weaviate/weaviate-go-client/v4/weaviate/graphql"
)

func main() {
  cfg := weaviate.Config{
    Host:   "localhost:8080",
    Scheme: "http",
  }
  client, err := weaviate.NewClient(cfg)
  if err != nil {
    panic(err)
  }

  className := "Article"
  fields := []graphql.Field{
    {Name: "title"},
    {Name: "_additional", Fields: []graphql.Field{
      {Name: "tokens(properties: [\"title\"], limit: 1, certainty: 0.7)", Fields: []graphql.Field{
        {Name: "entity"},
        {Name: "property"},
        {Name: "word"},
        {Name: "certainty"},
        {Name: "startPosition"},
        {Name: "endPosition"},
      }},
    }},
  }

  result, err := client.GraphQL().Get().
    WithClassName(className).
    WithFields(fields...).
    Do(context.Background())

  if err != nil {
    panic(err)
  }
  fmt.Printf("%v", result)
}

Java

package io.weaviate;

import io.weaviate.client.Config;
import io.weaviate.client.WeaviateClient;
import io.weaviate.client.base.Result;
import io.weaviate.client.v1.graphql.model.GraphQLResponse;
import io.weaviate.client.v1.graphql.query.fields.Field;

public class App {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Config config = new Config("http", "localhost:8080");
    WeaviateClient client = new WeaviateClient(config);

    Field title = Field.builder().name("title").build();
    Field _additional = Field.builder()
      .name("_additional")
      .fields(new Field[]{
        Field.builder()
          .name("tokens (properties: [\"title\"], limit: 1, certainty: 0.7)")
          .fields(new Field[]{
            Field.builder().name("entity").build(),
            Field.builder().name("property").build(),
            Field.builder().name("word").build(),
            Field.builder().name("certainty").build(),
            Field.builder().name("startPosition").build(),
            Field.builder().name("endPosition").build()
          }).build()
      }).build();

    Result<GraphQLResponse> result = client.graphQL().get()
      .withClassName("Article")
      .withFields(title, _additional)
      .run();

    if (result.hasErrors()) {
      System.out.println(result.getError());
      return;
    }
    System.out.println(result.getResult());
  }
}

Curl

echo '{
  "query": "{
    Get {
      Article(
        limit: 1
      ) {
        title
        _additional {
          tokens(
            properties: [\"title\"],
            limit: 10,
            certainty: 0.7
          ) {
            certainty
            endPosition
            entity
            property
            startPosition
            word
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }"
}' | curl \
    -X POST \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -d @- \
    http://localhost:8080/v1/graphql

GraphQL response

The answer is contained in a new GraphQL _additional property called tokens, which returns a list of tokens. It contains the following fields:

• entity (string): The Entity group (classified token)
• word (string): The word that is recognized as entity
• property (string): The property in which the token is found
• certainty (float): 0.0-1.0 of how certain the model is that the token is correctly classified
• startPosition (int): The position of the first character of the word in the property value
• endPosition (int): The position of the last character of the word in the property value

Example response

{
  "data": {
    "Get": {
      "Article": [
        {
          "_additional": {
            "tokens": [
              {
                "property": "title",
                "entity": "PER",
                "certainty": 0.9894614815711975,
                "word": "Sarah",
                "startPosition": 11,
                "endPosition": 16
              },
              {
                "property": "title",
                "entity": "LOC",
                "certainty": 0.7529033422470093,
                "word": "London",
                "startPosition": 31,
                "endPosition": 37
              }
            ]
          },
          "title": "My name is Sarah and I live in London"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "errors": null
}

Use another NER Transformer module from HuggingFace

You can build a Docker image which supports any model from the Hugging Face model hub with a two-line Dockerfile. In the following example, we are going to build a custom image for the Davlan/bert-base-multilingual-cased-ner-hrl model.

Step 1: Create a Dockerfile

Create a new Dockerfile. We will name it my-model.Dockerfile. Add the following lines to it:

FROM semitechnologies/ner-transformers:custom
RUN chmod +x ./download.py
RUN MODEL_NAME=Davlan/bert-base-multilingual-cased-ner-hrl ./download.py

Step 2: Build and tag your Dockerfile.

We will tag our Dockerfile as davlan-bert-base-multilingual-cased-ner-hrl:

docker build -f my-model.Dockerfile -t davlan-bert-base-multilingual-cased-ner-hrl .

Step 3: That's it!

You can now push your image to your favorite registry or reference it locally in your Weaviate docker-compose.yml using the Docker tag davlan-bert-base-multilingual-cased-ner-hrl.

How it works (under the hood)

The code for the application in this repo works well with models that take in a text input like My name is Sarah and I live in London and return information in JSON format like this:

[
  {
    "entity_group": "PER",
    "score": 0.9985478520393372,
    "word": "Sarah",
    "start": 11,
    "end": 16
  },
  {
    "entity_group": "LOC",
    "score": 0.999621570110321,
    "word": "London",
    "start": 31,
    "end": 37
  }
]

The Weaviate NER Module then takes this output and processes this to GraphQL output.

Model license(s)

The ner-transformers module is compatible with various models, each with their own license. For detailed information, please review the license of the model you are using in the Hugging Face Model Hub.

It is your responsibility to evaluate whether the terms of its license(s), if any, are appropriate for your intended use.